Preheat oven to 400F. Line a large baking sheet with parchment paper or a silicone mat.
Toss strawberries with sugar and flour in a bowl until completely coated. Set aside.
Place the sheet of puff pastry onto a baking sheet.
Pour strawberries onto the center of the dough. Fold dough edges up towards the center, pinching together cracks.
Sprinkle puff pastry and strawberries with a bit of sugar.
Bake in preheated oven for 15-20 minutes, or until the puff pastry is puffed and golden brown.
Meanwhile, in the bowl of a stand mixer combine heavy cream, vanilla, and sugar. Beat with the whisk attachment until whipped cream forms.
Allow the tart to cool enough to touch*. Serve warm with a dollop of whipped cream.
Notes
*Some people prefer this strawberry tart cold. Once the tart is cool enough to touch you can refrigerate until cold. However, the puff pastry won't be as crispy.